Method and apparatus for making reenforced paper



9, 1.932. N. s. s'roNE ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING VRR'FORCED PAPER Filed April 15., 1939 6 Sfhets-Sheet 1 z/Ef l Aug- 9, 1932- N. s. s'roNE ETAL 1,870,267

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED PAPER `Filed April 15, 1929 6. Sheets-Sheet 2 Tlgsz' 9, 1932. N. s. sroNE ET AL' 1,870,267

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED PAPER K e sheets-smet s Filed Ap'rir 15, 1929 Aug. 9, 1932;

N. s. s'roNE ET Al.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENF-ORCED PAPER 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 v Filed April 15. 1929 Aug. 9, 1932. N. s. sToNE ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED PAPER 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed. April '15. 1929 I IIL Y L )L C D D o U cv Aug- 9,1932# N. s. STONE ETAL. 1,870,267

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED PAPER Filed April 15, 192g 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented 9,1932" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Noam s. sToNE nmnonnnrgn Burmaor Mosman, wisconsin, assumons 'roA Mosman rarEnumLs coxzeANYpor Koeman, wisconsin, "a oonrona'rron or WISCONSIN muon .nm nifanarus For. murine nEENroncEn PAPER Application April 1.5,

like, either whilelthe lpaper Wasin the process of formation or by placing the reenforcing material between-two sheets or webs of the partially7 dried or finished paper. While the bonding of the reenforcing material with the paper liber is stronger and more satisfactory if the reenforcing material is incorporated 4during the process of manufacturing the paper, such a method in connection with modern relatively. high speed paper machines presents diiiculties from the standpoint oi continuous and satisfactory opn eration of the machine.l

lt is an object of this invention to overcome these diculties and to provide amethod and apparatus for reeniorcing paper and the like, wherein the reenforcing material may be continuously incorporated in the paper j or like web material during the process of its manufacture without necessitating any substantial alterations or changes in the usual standard types of modern paper making machines.

@ther and further importantv objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specication and the accompanying drawings.

rEllis invention in a preierredform) isi illustrated in the rawings and hereinafter more ully described.

n the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevational view of the -head' endof a Fourdrinier paper machine.

showing the `installation of feeding. mechanisln for incorporating reenforcing material in paper or the like.

Figure 2 is a partial top plan view of Figvjure l.

Figure 3 is an enlarged broken sectional view'taken substantially on line IIL-III of Fivure 2. l

Figurei is a sectional view taken substantially on thel broken line IV-IV of Figure 3, with parts in elevation.

`Figure 5 .isa broken lsectional view taken substantially on line V-V of Figure 3.

tained by any suitable type of slice 1929. Serial No. 355,0'2'5.v

Figure is a Iragmentaryenlarged plan view ofthe slotted roll shown in Figure 5. Figure 7 is an. enlarged sectional view ktaken on line VII-V11 of'Figure 5.

A. Figure 8 is an enlarged detail end view of the roll adjusting mechanism.

y Figure 9 is an enlarged ,sectional view taken on line IX-IX of Figure 4:. y .s Figure 10 is a broken enlarged view taken substantially along line iX-'X of Figure Figure ll is a broken ehlargedplan view taken substantially along the line XI-XI of Figure 3.

Figures l2 to' 17 inclusive are enlarged detail views of the supporting and guiding devices for the reenforcing strands.

Figure 18 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially on line XVHl-XVH of Figure i.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary plan View of a sheet of reenforced paper.

As shown in the drawings: V

As best shown in Figures 1 and 3, the reference numeral l indicates a stock vat or head box forming a reservoir for the stock from which the paper or like material is to' be made. @ur invention is here illustrated in connection with a paper machine of the Fourdrinier type, comprising said head box l, an apron 2 over which the stock iows onto a forming wire 3 traveling over the usual breast roll 4 and table rolls 5. The stock 6 within the head box l-is allowed to flow ontdthe forming wire 3 under the desired head main- 71, here illustrated as being of the high inlet type with a flexible and adjustable lip 8. The usual deckle pulleys 9`and deckle straps l0 are associated with the Fourdrinier table to govern the width of the paper web formed thereon.

A roll 11 (Figures 3 and 5) preferably perforated, is mounted in the path of the flow of stock lfrom the head box 1 onto the formingl Wire 3 in a position just in advance of the slice 7 and above the apron 2 with its surface substantially touching the back of said slice and the top of said a ron. In this position all, or substantially a of the stock must pass through the perforations `12 of said roll 11 before passing onto the forming wire 3 and in so doing the eddies and swirls of stock are quieted by passa e through said roll 11. Preferably the per orations of said roll 11 are in the form of slots rather than circular apertures for a reason that will appear later.

The shaft 13 of said perforated roll 11 extends through the side walls14 of the head box extension 15 and the ends of said shaft are journaled eccentrically in circular bearing plates 16 (Figure 8) las at 17. Said bearing plates 16 are provided with diametrlcally opposed lugs or extensions 17 havlng arcuate slots 18 through which extend bolts 19 for securin said bearing plates to the outside of said wa ls 14. By loosening the nuts on the bolts 19 and rotating the bearing plates 16, the height of the bearings 17 may be ad] usted to vary the clearance between the surface of the perforated roll 11 and the upper surface of the apron 2. The importance of being able to vary this clearance will more clearly appear hereinafter. The rear end of the shaft 13 is extended as at 20 and provided with a sprocket gear v21 and chain 22, or other suitable driving means, by means of which the speed at which the roll 11 is revolved may be varied for a purpose that will appear later.

According to the principles of thisinvention, the reenforcing material, which may be strands of paper, manila, jute, sisal, silk, cotton, linen, or the like, is introduced into the flow of stock ahead of the slice 7 by passing said material around and under the perforated roll 11. A creel` or creels 21 carrying a plurality of bobbins or spools 22 of the reenforcing strand are positioned upon a ooring 23, or other supporting platform, above the head box 1.

Said bobbins 22 are suitably mounted upon supportingmembers 24 in vertically and horizontally aligned rows or banks. Each of the su porting members 24 may suitably be provi ed with four upwardly and outwardly inclined gs 25, (Figures 16 and 17'), each adapte to hold a bobbin 22. In order that the process may be continuous, each bobbin in operation has a corresponding full bobbin connected to it, as by the strand 26, (Figure 2) and adapted to function as soon as the first bobbin is exhausted.

The operating strands 27 of reenforcing material are led from the respective bobbins 22, as best shown in Figures 10 to 18 inclusive, first passing through eyes 28 in vertically supportedangle irons 29, and around tensioning pegs or knobs 30, from' which the strands are led at right angles through eye'- 4:lets 31 in the other face of said angle irons 29. The strands 27 then pass successively through guide plates 78 and 79 and thence through a series ofguiding plates 32 `and 33, which converge the strands to a main guide plate 34 having two rows of eyelets 35 (Figure 10).

Plate 34 is mounted at an inclined an le from a vertical post or support 36 and elects the direction of the strandsA 27 downwardly towards the head box 1. A plurality of apertured angle irons 37 and 38 serve further to guide and space the strands 27. The guide 38 is mounted between brackets 39 secured to the inside of the vat walls 14. Below said guide plate 38 and adjacent the perforated roll 11 is mounted a master comb 40, said comb being supported at its end in yokes 41 formed on the plates 39. The master comb 40'suitably comprises a tube or pipe having a plurality of spaced ins or pegsl 42 secured therein and exten ing orlzltwardly to guide .and spacev the strands 2 The strands 27 after passing between the teeth 42 of the master comb 40 are\conducted under the perforated roll 11 and carried by the flow of stock over the apron and under the slice 7 and flexible lip 8 onto the forming wire 3. In starting up the operation, it is suiicient to bunch the strands 27 together after passing them under the perforated roll 11 and then allow the current of stock to carry the hunched up strands onto the forming Wire. After the strands have been carried a short way over the Fourdrinier table, u

the pull of the stock upon the strands is sufficient to straighten them out and cause them to be under suicient tension to unwind from the bobbins 22.

The function of the perforated roll 11 is not only to guide the strands 27 int-o the flow of stock but to produce the desired tension upon the strands and locate them at the desired position relative to the surfaces of the web of paper or the like being formed on the forming wire. The amount of tension put upon the strands 27 as they flow out over the forming wire is controlled byregu-lating the speed of revolution of the erforated `roll 11, which may be varied at wi l. In conjunction with the tension put upon the strands 27, the elevation of the perforated roll 11 determines the position of the strands Within the finished sheets. If the roll 11 is raised to increase the clearance between the bottom surface of said roll and the upper surface of the apron 2, especially if the tension on the strands 27 is lessened, the strands will tend to float upon the sheet of stock as itilows onto the wire and will become imbedded in the upper surface of the sheet as formed.

On the other hand, if the perforated roll 11 is lowered to afford as little clearance as possible and the tension increased, the strands will tend to sink to the lower side of the web being formed on the Fourdrinier table and will be found on the wire side of the finished sheet. As is often preferable, the strands 27 are caused to as'sume an interlll i mediate position between the surfaces of the sheet or web of paperor like material, so that anequal thickness of bervlies above and below th'eparallel strands of reenforcing material.

The method and apparatus, above described is suitably adapted for the manufacture of any type of reenforced paper or the like of varying caliber, but is especially suitedto the manufacture of a reenforced kraft paper.v The natural strength of the kraft paper is still further increased by the reenforcing strands to make a sheet, such as the sheet 43 (Figure 19), wherein the presence of the longitudinal strands 27 prevents tearing of the sheet in the across the machine direction. It has been found preferable to use a strand of sisal VV.or other material having short bers or fiber ends extending from theV main strand, since with such material a more perfect bonding between the pulp or paper ILO fibers and the reinforcing strands is possib1e..

It will be understood however that any suitable-reenforcing material may be used and that transverse as well as longitudinal l strands may be employed.

One ofthe important features of our invention is .the provision of a perforated roll Y located ahead of the slice and adjustable both as to speed and height to serve as a guide and tensionin means for the strands. The apertures in' t e perforated roll 11 are preferably` slots ratherv than circular holes with the slots 'extending longitudinally of the roll, since by the use of slots rather than circular apertures the strands 27 have less of a tendency in passing around the roll .11 to become displaced in their relative position. lThis is because the slots 12 can be made narrower contact for the strands 27.

, We are aware that many changes maybe made and Anumerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from th principles 'of this invention, and we, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patenty granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art. We claim as our invention:

1. In combination with a paper machine including a iow box and forming wire, a roll positioned inthe. pathofthe lowof for guiding spaced'reenforeingstrands 'to said roll `to pass `thereunder into the flow of stock onto said a 2. In combinationffwith ya Fourdrinier paper machine .including a flow box, apron, slice and formingfjwire, a.f.'frerforatedV roll positioned A.over said apron @head of said slice in the patli^ of the'ilowfof kstockonto 66 the forming wire and means for guiding rel thancircular apertures of the same area so that the roll 11, where slots are used, pre-Y sents a more nearly cylindrical surface of stock ah'ead of the forming-wire and means enforcing material to said roll: to-pass thereunder into the stock iiowing onto said wire.' 3. In combination with a paper'machine' includin a flow box and forming wire, n'

v roll positioned in the path of the liowl of 'IO stock ahead of the forming wire, means for rotating said roll at avvariable speed and means for guiding spaced y.reenforcing strands to said roll to pass thereunder into the flow of stock onto said wire. ,76 J 4. In combination with a Fourdrinierv paper machine including a flow box, apron. slice and forming wire, a perforated rollpositioned over said apron ahead of said slice in the path of the iow of stock onto 80 the forming wire, means for rotating said roll at a variable speed and means for guiding reenforcing material to said roll to pass thereundcr'into the stock flowingonto said wire..

5. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine including a flow box, apron, slice land forming wire, a perforated roll positioned over said apron ahead of said slice in the path of the iiow of stock onto the forming Wire, means for guiding reenforcing material to said roll to pass thereunder into the stock flowing onto said `Wire'and means for adjusting the clearance between said roll and said apron to control the posi- .95 tion of the reenforcing material in the paper.

6. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine including a iow box, apron,

slice and forming wire, a perforated roll lslice in the path of theiiow of stock onto the forming wire, means for rotating said'roll at a variable speed, means for guiding reenforcing material to said roll to pass thereunder into the stock flowing onto said -wire 105 and means for adjusting the clearance between said roll and said apron to control the position. of the reenforcing material ih thel paper. Y

7. A machine for making paper, comprising al Fourdrnier paper* machine,.creels carryin bobbins of reenforcingstrands yin an e evated position above the head end of said Fourdrmier, a perfo` rated roll positioned in vthe flow of stock onto the wire and guidin and spacing D means for leadiiig the lreengorcing strands `to said `roll for passageonto the wire.

-8. A machine 'formaking reenforced paper, comprising4 a Fourdrinier paper ma.- fo

chine, 'Creel carrying bobbins of reenforcing :strands in an elevated position above4 theV headend of said Fourdrinier, a perforated rll positioned in the flow of stock onto the wire, guidin and spacing means for lead- 125 ing the reen orcing strandsto said roll for reenforced no 9. A machine for making reenforced paper, comprising a Fourdrinier paper machine, creels carrying bobbins of reenforcing strands in an elevated position above the head end of said Fourdrinier, said bobbins being connected in 'pairs to provide for continuous-operation, a perforated roll positioned in the flow of stock onto the wire andy guiding and spacing means for leading the reenforcing strands to said roll to passthereunder onto the Wire. i

10. In a machine for making reenforced' paper including a flow box, apron, adjustable slice and forming wire, a perforated roll through which substantially all of the stock must pass rotatably and adjustably mounted above said apron and ahead of said slice, means for varying the speedof rotation of said roll and means for feeding spaced parallel strands of a reenforcing element to said roll for passage thereunder to flow with said stock under the slice onto the forming wire. A

11. In a machine for making reenforced paper including a fiov box, apron, adjust' able slice and4 formin wire, a perforated roll through which su stantially all of the stock must pass rotatably and adjustably mounted above said apron and ahead of said slice, means for varying the speed of rota-- tion of said roll, creels carrying a plurality of strands of a reenforcing element mounted above said flow box and spacing and guiding lmeans for conducting said strands to said roll for passage thereunder to flow with said stock under the slice onto. the forming wire.

12. The process of forming reenforced paper which comprises continuously drawing a plurality of spaced strands of reinforcing material into a flow of stock ahead of the forming part of a Fourdrinier paper machine, directing the strands with the stock to the forming part of the machine, positively adjusting the tensionon the strands and the height at which the strands are di rected toward the forming part of the machine to controlthe position of the strands in the finished web and forming the fibers of the stock and the reenforcing strands into a paper web.

13. The process of making reinforced aper which comprises contacting a plura ity of parallel spaced strands of a reenforcingmaterial under a revolving drum located in the path ofthe flow of stock onto the forming wire of a paper machine and controlling the depth towhich said strands are .initially emerged in --said stock flow by adjusting the position of the revolving drum.

`14. The process of making reenforced paper which comprises contacting a reenforcing material withv a revolving perforated drum through Which substantially all of the paper stock must pass in its iow to the forming wire of a paper machine and controlling the tension on said reenforcing material by var ing the speed of rotation of the perforate drum.

15. In a paper machine, means defining a pond for paper stock, a verforated roll rotatably mounted therein t rough which substantially all of the a forming wire below said roll, means for varying the speed of rotation of said roll and means for feeding spaced parallel strands of a reenforcing element to said roll for passage thereunder to flow with said stock onto the forming wire.

16. Ijn a machine for making reenforced paper, including a slice and forming wire,

a perforated roll positioned ahead of said' slice in the path of the flow of stock onto the forming wire through which the stock flows', means for rotating said roll at a variable speed and means for guiding -reenforcing material to said roll to pass thereunder into the stock flowing onto said forming wire. In testimony whereof, we have lhereunto subscribed our names at Mosinee, Marathon County, Wisconsin.

NORMAN S. STONE. ROBERT L. BURNS.

paper stock must pass, 

